Comparison of the toxicity of bio-based and synthetic potassium in Melanotaenia boesemani embryos
Potassium toxicity in Melanotaenia boesemani
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62310/liab.v6i1.401Keywords:
Rainbow fish, Potassium, Toxicity, Banana peel, LC50, EmbryoAbstract
Potassium supplementation in fish can disrupt the balance between extracellular and intracellular K+, leading to metabolic disturbances, especially during early development stages. Given these potential adverse effects, the toxicity of potassium supplementation must be critically evaluated to ensure its safe application in aquaculture. The toxicological effects of synthetic potassium citrate and potassium derived from banana peel ash (BPA) extract were compared using the FET method with Boesemani rainbowfish (Melanotaenia boesemani) embryos. Embryos were exposed to both potassium sources at concentrations of 0, 10, 25, 40, 80, 120, and 160 mg/L for 120 hours or longer. The results indicate that both concentration and duration of exposure affect the toxicity of both sources. However, synthetic potassium showed higher acute toxicity, with a lower LC50 (13.73 mg/L) compared to BPA (43.67 mg/L). Exposure to synthetic potassium also increased heart rate and cause abnormalities in embryos, indicating physiological stress. A teratogenic index (TI) value of <1 for both potassium sources indicates embryotoxic effect. Egg hatchability was primarily influenced by concentration and exposure duration rather than potassium source. Overall, these findings suggest that bio-based potassium from banana peel ash exhibits lower acute toxicity than its synthetic counterpart, indicating its potential as a safer alternative for potassium supplementation in aquaculture.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Intan Bacandra Hismayasari, Mohamad Fadjar, Abdul Rahem Faqih, Wahyu Endra Kusuma, Eni Kusrini, Dewi Syahidah, Chrisoetanto P. Pattirane, Cucun Herlina
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Accepted 2026-07-20
Published 2026-07-28
